A-Z Basic Lists of Linux Commands For Beginner

A-Z Basic Lists of Linux Commands For Beginner - Unix is one of the first operating systems to be written in high-level programming language (C). Well, this article is about unix command which basic and really useful if you using linux operating system.

I'll show you Linux command and the function of the command to help you learn Linux. This command is not a comprehensive list by any means, but this should give you a reference the common unix commands.

Even though Linux has hundreds of commands, there are only about a dozen which you need to know to perform most basic tasks. And before this I was posted Linux Commands, read Basic Linux Commands Most Frequently Used.

A
adduser	Add user into your system
addgroup	Add group into your system
alias	Create an alias
apropos	Searching manual help page (man-k)
apt-get	Search and install packages
aspell	Check Spelling
awk	Seach, replace the text, database sort / validate / index
B
basename	Directory striping and suffix from files name
bash	GNU Bourne-Again Shell
bc	Arbitrary precision calculator language
bg	Send to background
break	Exit from a loop
builtin	Run builtin shell
bzip2	Compress / decompress file bzip
C
cal	Show callender
case	Conditional command
cat	Displays the content of files
cd	Open / migarte directory
cfdisk	Partition table manipulator
chgrp	Changing group ownership
chmod	Changing file / directory permissions
chown	Change files owner and group
chroot	Run commad with different root directory
chkconfig	System Service (runlevel)
cksum	Print byte CRC checksum and calculate
clear	Clear terminal's screen
cmp	Compare 2 files
comm	Compare 2 sorted files line by line
command	Run shell command, ingnore shell functions
continue	Resume the next literation of loop
cp	Copy files to another location
cron	Run daemon (scheduled)
crontab	Schedule command to execute later
csplit	Split files into context - pieces are determined
cut	Split file into several section
D
date	Displays / change the date & time
dc	Desk Calculator
dd	Convert & copy file, write header disk, boot record
ddrescue	Data repair tools
declare	Declaring a variabel and give them atributes
df	Show disk space
diff	Showing the differences betwen 2 files
diff3	Showing the differences among three 3 files
DNS lookup	DNS Lookup
dir	Show list of simple directory
dircolors	Color setup to 'ls '
dirname	Convert all pathname to some path
dirs	Show list of directories wich remembered
dmesg	Print kernel message & Drivers
du	Estimate file space usage
E
echo	Print message in the screen
egrep	Search the file for the line that corresponds to the expression of an extended
eject	Eject removable media
enable	Activating and Deactivating shell command bultin
env	Variable Environment
ethtool	Setting of ethernet card
eval	Evaluate some command / argument
exec	Run command
exit	Exit from the shell
expect	Automates application which accessable using terminal
expand	Convert tab to space
eksport	Setting environment variable
expr	Evaluate expression
F
FALSE	Do nothing / false
fdformat	Low level format of floppy disk
fdisk	Partition table manipulation
fg	Send task into foreground
fgrep	Seach files for list which match with a fixed string
file	Specify file types
find	Seach file which Cari file yang memenuhi kriteria yang diinginkan
fmt	Reformating text type
fold	Wrap text to fit width
for	Expand words, and execute command
format	Format disk
free	Print memory usages
fsck	Check and repair file
ftp	File Transfer Protocol
fungsi	Specify macro function
fuser	Identificate / execute proccess which accessing file
G
gawk	Seach and replace text
getopts	Describes parameters according position
grep	Seach files which match with particular pattern
group	Print user group name
gzip	Compress / Decompress gizp
H
hash	Considering the entire pathname from a argument name
head	First part of the files
help	Print help
history	History command
hostname	Print hostname of your system
I
id	Print user and group id
if	Execute conditional task
ifconfig	Network interface configuration
ifdown	Stop network interface
ifup	Start up network interface
import	Print Screen and save images into files
install	Copy and Setting atribute
J
join	Join
K
kill	Kill running process
killall	Kill process by name
L
less	Output displays in same times
let	Perform arithmetic on shell variables
ln	Create relationships between files
local	Creating variable
locate	Search location of files
logname	Print logname
logout	Exit from login shell
look	Display lines which start with a particular string
lpc	Program control
lpr	Off line print
lprint	Print file
lprintd	Abort print job
lprintq	List the print queue
lprm	Remove from print queue
ls	List
lsof	Files open list
M
make	Recompile programs
man	Manual help / details of command
mkdir	Create new folder
mkfifo	Make FIFO's
mkisofs	Create a hybrid ISO9660 / JOLIET / HFS filesystem
mknod	Create block or special character files
more	Display more
mount	Mount system files
mtools	Manipulate MS-DOS
mv	Move files or Directory
mmv	Mass move and rename (file)
N
netstat	Network information
nice	Set the priority of a command or task
nl	Lines number and write files
nohup	Run command immune to hangups
nslookup	Ns lookup command
O
open	Open files
op	Access op
P
passwd	Set or change password
paste	Paste command
pathchk	Check name file portability
ping	Test network connection / calling server or IP
pkill	Terminate running process
popd	Returns to previous value from current directory
pr	Prepare files for printing
printcap	Database printing capabilities
printenv	Print variable environment
printf	Format and print data
ps	Startus Process
pushd	Save then change current directory
pwd	Print working directory
Q
quota	Displays disk usage and limit them
quotacheck	Examining system files for disk usage
quotactl	Set disk size
R
ram	ram disk device
rcp	Copy files between the two machines
read	Read command
readarray	Read from stdin to an array variable
readonly	Mark variable / functions as readonly
reboot	Reboot the system
rename	Rename command
renice	Change priority from running proces
remsync	Synchronize remote files via email
return	Return command
rev	Reversing line from a file
rm	Deleting files
rmdir	Remove folders
rsync	Remote file copy
S
screen	Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
scp	Secure copy (remote file copy)
sdiff	Merge two files interactively
sed	Stream editor
select	Select command
seq	Print numeric sequence
set	Manipulate shell variables and function
sftp	Scure file protocol program
shift	Shift command
shopt	Shell options
shutdown	Shutdown the system
sleep	Slepp the system
slocate	Search files
sort	Sort command
source	Run command from `.” file
split	Split command
ssh	Access secure shell
strace	Trace system calls and signals
su	Super user
sudo	Run commands as another user
sum	Print a file sum
symlink	Make new name for file
sync	Synconize
T
tail	Last output of last part files
tar	Tar files
tee	Redirect output to multiple files
test	Evaluation of the conditional expression
time	Display time
times	System and user time
touch	Change file times stamps
top	List of processes running on the system
traceroute	Trace route command
trap	Run a command when a signal is set (Bourne)
tr	Translate, squeeze, menghapus karakterremove the character
true'	true' / right
tsort	Sort topology
tty	Print filename of terminal on stdin
type	Explain command
U
ulimit	Limit user resources (resources)
umask	The user creates a hidden file
umount	Unmount device
unalias	Remove alias
uname	Print information of the system
unexpand	Convert space to tabs
uniq	Uniq command
unit	Convert units from one scale to another
unset	Remoe variable or function
unshar	Unpack archive shell records
until	Execute command until error
useradd	Create new user account
usermod	Modify user account
users	List of users which currently logged in
uuencode	Encode binary files
uudecode	Decode files which created by uucode
V
v	List directory contents verbosely (`ls-lb ')
vdir	verbosely list directory contents (`ls-lb ')
vi	Text edito
vmstat	Report of vitual memory statistics
W
watch	Execute / display a program periodically
wc	Print byte, word, and calculate
whereissource	$ path, man pages and source files for the program
which	Search user $ user path for program files
while	While command
who	Displays all name of user which currently logged in
whoami	Print the current user id and name (`id-un ')
wget	Take file via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write	Write command
X
xargs	Execute utility, passing constructed argument list
Y
yes	Print string untill interrupt

I have some Linux commands + Open source graphicaal software Inkscape posts that maybe help you to learn Linux :

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